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ASTM A131 is a structural steel specification primarily used in the shipbuilding industry. It covers steel plates, shapes, bars, and rivets intended for the construction of ships and marine structures.
This standard defines ordinary strength grades, including Grade A, B, D, CS, and E, all of which have a minimum specified yield strength of 34 ksi (235 MPa). These materials are commonly used in applications such as barges, ship hulls, and other marine equipment, where reliable strength and durability are essential.
Additionally, these grades are certified by the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), ensuring compliance with strict quality and performance standards required in marine environments. Here is an overview of ASTM A131 structural steel plate for ships.
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Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties of ASTM A131 Structural Steel Plate
|
Element |
Grade A |
Grade B |
Grade D |
Grade E |
Grade CS |
|
|
Deoxidation and Thickness(t) in mm |
||||
|
|
t>2.0 in(50mm) |
t>2.0 in(50mm) |
t>1.0 in(50mm) |
|
|
|
C |
0.21 |
0.21 |
0.21 |
0.18 |
0.16 |
|
Mn min |
2.5XC |
0.60 |
0.60 |
0.70 |
1.00 |
|
Si |
0.50 |
0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
0.10-0.35 |
|
P |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
|
S |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
|
Ni |
- |
- |
- |
|
- |
|
Cr |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Mo |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
Cu |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
C+Mn/6 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
Tensile Requirement for ASTM A131 Structural Steel Plate
|
Grade |
Tensile Strength ksi(Mpa) |
Yield Strength min ksi(Mpa) |
Elongation in 8 in (200mm) % |
Elongation in 2 in (50mm) min % |
|
Ordinary strength |
58-75(400-520) |
34(235) |
21 |
24 |
The 9 Major International Classification Societies
Globally, there are nine leading classification societies that set and enforce technical standards for the design, construction, and maintenance of ships and offshore structures. These organizations include:
A.B.S. – American Bureau of Shipping
B.V. – Bureau Veritas (France)
C.C.S. – China Classification Society
D.N.V. – Det Norske Veritas (Norway)
G.L. – Germanischer Lloyd (Germany)
K.R. – Korean Register of Shipping
L.R. – Lloyd’s Register (United Kingdom)
N.K. – Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK, Japan)
R.I.N.A. – Registro Italiano Navale (Italy)
These societies play a vital role in ensuring maritime safety, regulatory compliance, and environmental protection across the global shipping industry.
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