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Seamless square steel tube is a hollow structural steel with a square cross-section, formed through cold drawing or extrusion from a seamless steel pipe. Unlike welded square tubes, seamless square tubes have no welded joints, ensuring higher strength, uniformity, and reliability.
Hollow steel tubes are widely used as structural components and as fluid-carrying pipes, combining lightweight design with high bending and torsional strength.
Introduction to Seamless Square Steel Tubes
Compared with solid steel bars (e.g., round steel), steel tubes are lighter while maintaining similar bending and torsional strength. This makes them a cost-effective choice for manufacturing mechanical parts and structural components, such as:
Oil drill pipes
Automobile transmission shafts
Bicycle racks and construction scaffolding
Additionally, steel tubes improve material utilization for ring-shaped components like rolling bearing rings and jack sleeves, simplifying production and reducing cost. In defense and industrial applications, steel tubes are essential for gun barrels, furnace tubes, and other heavy-duty components.
Steel pipes can be divided by cross-section into round pipes and special-shaped pipes. Round pipes are widely used due to their uniform distribution of internal/external radial pressure and superior fluid transport efficiency.
Main Properties of Seamless Steel Pipes
Plasticity
The ability of the material to undergo permanent deformation under load without fracturing.
Hardness
Hardness measures a metal’s resistance to surface penetration. Common methods include:
Brinell Hardness (HB)
Rockwell Hardness (HRA, HRB, HRC)
Vickers Hardness (HV)
Fatigue Strength
Fatigue describes how a material withstands cyclic or repeated loads. Unlike static strength, it reflects performance under realistic operational conditions.
Applications of Seamless Square Steel Tubes
Seamless steel tubes are categorized by their intended use and applicable standards:
Structural Seamless Steel Pipe (GB/T 8162-1999)
Used in general and mechanical structural applications.
Fluid Transport Seamless Steel Pipe (GB/T 8163-1999)
Suitable for transporting water, oil, and gas.
Seamless Steel Pipe for Petroleum Cracking (GB 9948-88)
Designed for furnace tubes, heat exchangers, and pipelines in petroleum refineries.
Steel Pipes for Geological Drilling (YB 235-70)
Used for core drilling in geological exploration. Subtypes include: drill pipes, drill collars, core pipes, casing, and sedimentation pipes.
Seamless Steel Pipe for Diamond Core Drilling (GB 3423-82)
Ideal for drill pipes, core rods, and casings in diamond drilling operations.
High-Pressure Oil Pipes for Diesel Engines (GB 3093-2002)
Cold-drawn pipes for manufacturing high-pressure injection pipes in diesel engines.
Special-Shaped Seamless Steel Pipe
Pipes with non-round cross-sections, including rectangular, square, and custom shapes for specialized engineering applications.
Seamless square steel tubes combine strength, durability, and cost-effectiveness, making them indispensable in mechanical engineering, construction, energy, and petrochemical industries. Understanding their properties, specifications, and applications helps engineers and designers select the right material for both structural and fluid transport purposes.