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ASTM A335/A335M is a widely recognized standard developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). This specification outlines the technical requirements for seamless ferritic alloy steel pipes intended for high temperature and high pressure applications. Common usage environments include industries such as petroleum refining, chemical processing, thermal power generation, and industrial boilers.
The standard covers several alloy grades, including P1, P5, P11, P22, and P91, with ASTM A335 P22 seamless steel pipe being one of the most frequently used for power plant piping and pressure vessel systems.
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Scope of Application of ASTM A335 P22 Seamless Steel Pipes
ASTM A335 P22 seamless alloy pipes are primarily designed for high temperature environments that demand excellent mechanical strength, creep resistance, and oxidation resistance. These pipes are typically used in:
Industrial and utility boilers
Superheaters and reheater lines
Steam pipelines and pressure pipes
Chemical processing systems handling high-temperature fluids
To meet the performance demands of these applications, the pipes must possess superior bendability, flangability, and weldability.
Key Features and Standard Requirements of ASTM A335 Alloy Steel Pipes
1. Size Range
Outer Diameter: 21.3 mm – 762 mm
A wide range of dimensions allows for flexible application in various piping systems.
2. Material Grades
Common grades include P1, P5, P11, P22, and P91, with P22 being ideal for high-temperature, high-pressure pipelines.
3. Chemical Composition Control
Each grade, including ASTM A335 P22 seamless steel pipe, must meet strict chemical composition requirements to ensure:
Creep strength
Corrosion resistance
Thermal stability
4. Mechanical Properties
The pipes must exhibit high mechanical strength, with tensile strength typically ranging from 415 MPa to 585 MPa, depending on the grade.
Excellent elongation and hardness performance are also required for safe long-term operation in harsh environments.
5. Manufacturing and Heat Treatment
Pipes are typically normalized and tempered to enhance structural uniformity and heat resistance.
Common manufacturing processes include hot rolling, cold drawing, and hot expansion.
6. Testing and Quality Assurance
The standard also outlines various optional and mandatory tests:
Ultrasonic testing
Hardness testing
Hydrostatic tests
Dimensional and surface inspection
These inspections ensure that ASTM A335 P22 seamless steel pipes meet stringent performance and safety benchmarks before deployment.
ASTM A335 standard product features:
Specification range
Outer diameter range: 21.3mm-762mm
Wall thickness range: 2.0mm-130mm
Common specifications:
|
OD (mm) |
WT (mm) |
Applicable grades (such as P11/P22/P91) |
|
21.3 |
2.0 |
P11、P22 |
|
114.3 |
8.0 |
P11、P91 |
|
323.9 |
12.0 |
P22、P91 |
|
508.0 |
14.0 |
P91、P92 |
|
711.0 |
25.0 |
P92 |
Non-standard specifications: Some manufacturers can customize special sizes, such as large-diameter thick-walled pipes (such as 711×25mm).
Length: Usually 6m, 12m fixed length, can also be customized according to customer needs. A high-temperature piping system that can meet different size requirements.
Material and brand
ASTM A335/A335M standard covers a variety of ferritic alloy steel materials (low/medium alloy steel with chromium content ≤10%), such as P1, P2, P5, P5B, P5C, P9, P11, P12, P21, P22, P23, P36, P91 (Type1, Type2), P92, etc.
Chemical composition
ASTM A335 contains multiple grades, and the content of chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo) of different grades determines its temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
|
Grade |
Cr (%) |
Mo (%) |
Typical Application |
|
P11 |
1.00~1.50 |
0.44~0.65 |
Petrochemical boiler tubes |
|
P22 |
1.90~2.60 |
0.87~1.13 |
High-pressure steam pipelines |
|
P91 |
8.00~9.50 |
0.85~1.05 |
Supercritical power station pipelines |
|
P92 |
8.50~9.50 |
0.30~0.60 |
Ultra-supercritical boilers |
Note: High alloy grades such as P91/P92 have stronger creep resistance and oxidation resistance due to the presence of tungsten (W), boron (B) and other elements.
Mechanical performance requirements
|
Grade |
Tensile strength (MPa) |
Yield strength (MPa) |
Elongation (%) |
Maximum operating temperature |
|
P11 |
≥415 |
≥205 |
≥30 |
≤550℃ |
|
P22 |
≥415 |
≥205 |
≥30 |
≤600℃ |
|
P91 |
≥585 |
≥415 |
≥20 |
≤650℃ |
|
P92 |
≥620 |
≥440 |
≥20 |
≤625℃ |
Conclusion
ASTM A335/ASME SA-335 seamless alloy steel pipes, especially the ASTM A335 P22 grade, provide a reliable and durable solution for transporting steam, gas, and fluids in high temperature and high pressure conditions. With comprehensive guidelines covering chemical, mechanical, dimensional, and testing criteria, this standard plays a critical role in ensuring safety and performance in power and chemical industries.
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