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The size tolerances for ASTM A106 seamless steel pipes are defined to ensure that the pipes maintain consistency in their dimensions and can fit properly in the application for which they are intended. These tolerances generally apply to the outside diameter (OD), wall thickness, and length of the pipes. Below are the key tolerance specifications for ASTM A106 seamless steel pipes.
1. Outside Diameter (OD) Tolerance
NPS 1/8 to NPS 10: The tolerance for the outside diameter is typically ±1/64 inch (±0.396 mm) for pipes up to NPS 10.
NPS 10 and larger: The tolerance for the outside diameter is ±1/8 inch (±3.175 mm).
Note: The outside diameter is measured at the point of manufacture, and the pipe must meet the required OD tolerance to ensure compatibility with fittings, flanges, and other components.
2. Wall Thickness Tolerance
Schedule 10 to Schedule 40 (Standard): The tolerance for wall thickness is generally ±12.5% of the nominal thickness.
Schedule 80 and above: The tolerance for wall thickness is ±10% of the nominal thickness.
Note: Wall thickness is critical for pressure-bearing applications, so maintaining tolerance is essential for ensuring the pipe's performance in high-pressure environments.
3. Length Tolerance
Random Lengths: The length tolerance for ASTM A106 pipes in random lengths typically ranges from -0 inches to +6 inches (0 to 150 mm). In other words, the pipe length can be up to 6 inches longer than the ordered random length.
Fixed Lengths: For pipes ordered in fixed lengths, the tolerance is usually ±1/4 inch (6.35 mm), though this can vary depending on the manufacturer and specific project requirements.
Note: Length tolerances may vary depending on customer specifications, but this is the typical range.
4. Straightness Tolerance
ASTM A106 pipes should be straight within the limits of 1/1000th of the length of the pipe. For example, a 20-foot (6.1-meter) pipe should have a maximum straightness deviation of 0.24 inches (6.1 mm).
Note: Straightness is important for installation, as excessive bowing or warping can affect the ease of joining and welding the pipe to other components.
5. Beveled Ends Tolerance
For pipes with beveled ends, the bevel angle should typically be 30° ±5°.
The length of the bevel should generally be 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) or more, ensuring proper fit and seal when welding.
6. Other Tolerances
For smaller pipes (NPS 1/8 to NPS 1), there may be tighter tolerances, and for larger pipes (NPS 10 and above), the tolerances may be slightly wider due to the manufacturing process.
The pipe should not have any kinks or dents that exceed allowable limits, as this can affect the structural integrity and performance of the pipe.