We Super Steel Manufacturing Co.,Ltd(SMC) are amongst the top manufacturers and suppliers for the seamless steel pipe, welded steel pipe, OCTG products and fittings from China. We have been manufacturing and supplying these products to the industry since 1993, and received repeat orders and appreciation from our valued customers.
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Always up to date. In this column you can find the steel pipe related articles, including industry trends, product standards and materials, and some technical guidelines.
A welded steel pipe is produced by crimping and welding steel plates or strips, typically with a length of 6 meters. The manufacturing process of welded steel pipes is straightforward, highly efficient, and cost-effective, requiring relatively low equipment investment. These pipes come in various types and specifications, but generally, their strength is lower compared to seamless steel pipes. Welded steel pipes are classified into straight seam welded pipes and spiral welded pipes (SSAW steel pipes) based on the type of weld used. They can also be categorized by the production method, such as arc welded pipes, electric resistance welded (ERW) pipes, high frequency or low frequency gas welded pipes, and furnace welded pipes.
Weld Geometry Parameters for Welded Steel Pipes
The geometry of the weld in welded steel pipes is defined by several parameters, including weld width, reinforcement, and penetration depth:
- Weld Width:
The weld width refers to the distance between two weld toes, which are the junctions between the weld surface and the base metal. This width is measured across the cross-section of the weld.
- Reinforcement:
Reinforcement refers to the height of the weld metal that extends beyond the weld toe line on the surface of the weld. While reinforcement increases the cross-sectional area of the weld, improving its bearing capacity, it can also increase the sensitivity of the weld to radiographic inspection. However, excessive reinforcement can cause stress concentration at the weld toe.
- Penetration:
Penetration is the depth at which the base metal melts into the weld pool, forming a bond between the weld and the base metal. Proper penetration ensures strong bonding. The depth of penetration is influenced by the welding method and determines the chemical composition of the weld. Different welding methods require different penetration depths.
Influence of Process Parameters on Weld Geometry
During the welding process, various physical parameters, such as welding current, arc voltage, and welding speed, collectively known as welding process parameters, play a significant role in determining the quality and characteristics of the weld. Here's how these parameters affect the weld shape:
- Welding Current:
With all other conditions unchanged, an increase in welding current results in a thicker weld and greater reinforcement, although the weld width remains almost the same or may increase slightly.
- Arc Voltage:
As arc voltage increases (with other factors held constant), the width of the weld increases significantly, while the thickness and reinforcement decrease slightly.
- Welding Speed:
An increase in welding speed leads to a reduction in the weld width, weld thickness, and reinforcement, assuming all other factors remain constant.
Optimizing Welding Parameters
The three key welding parameters—welding current, arc voltage, and welding speed—must be properly balanced to achieve a weld that has the desired shape and meets quality requirements. When selecting these parameters, it is important to consider how they interact to optimize the weld's final geometry, ensuring it is both strong and aesthetically correct.
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